Slide 9 The Toyota Hybrid System - the Electrical Machines  

• The THS has two big electrical machines - a motor and a generator - and both are used in both modes.

• Both are permanent magnet AC synchronous machines, for high efficiency, and brushless, for zero maintenance.

• The generator produces a torque of 175 Nm from 0 to 940 rpm, and a power of 16 kW from 940 to 5500 rpm.

• It is coupled directly to the engine, and is used for starting and to control its speed and load.

• There is no alternator, but a converter charges a small 12 volt battery, for the computers, lights, and locks etc.

• The motor produces a torque of 350 Nm from 0 to 400 rpm and a power of 33 kW at 1040 to 5600 rpm.

• It is coupled directly to the road wheels and is used for driving and for regenerative braking.

• The front wheels do 70 to 90 per cent of the braking, so they can capture most of the available kinetic energy.

• The motor of 44 hp can also supplement the engine of 71 hp, giving a total of 115 hp.

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